Fissures and fistulas in the anal region are among the diseases that our hospital's general surgery outpatient clinic deals with.

What Are Anal Fissures and Fistulas?

Anal fissures are cracks and tears in the anus. They are also known as breech cracks. It may occur due to prolonged constipation and excessive straining while defecating. Colitis and crohn's diseases can trigger anal fissures. Fistulas are small spaces formed between the end of the intestine and the anus. They are usually caused by perianal abscesses. Other causes include insufficient fluid intake and low consumption of fibrous foods.

What Are the Symptoms of Anal Fissure and Fistula?

Symptoms of anal fissure can be seen as tenderness, burning, pain, swelling, discharge, irritation and difficulty in defecation in the anus. It is important to go to the doctor early, as these symptoms can be confused with the symptoms of hemorrhoids and condyloma. If left untreated, it can cause complications and make treatment difficult. According to their location, fistulas are vesicovaginal between vagina and bladder, enterovesical between bladder and intestine, vesicouterine between bladder and uterus, ureterovaginal between vagina and ureter, urethrovaginal between vagina and urethra, colovesical and vagina and rectum between large intestine and bladder they are separated rectovaginally between them.

How is Anal Fissure and Fistula Diagnosed?

In order not to be confused with other anal diseases, a detailed physical examination is required for anal fissure and fistula when diagnosing. In cases where the doctor deems it necessary, diagnosis can also be made through endoscopy for examination of the rectum and colon area.

What are Anal Fissure and Fistula Treatments?

For the treatment of anal fissure and fistula, a well-planned diet and, if necessary, defecation facilitating drugs or creams can be used in the first place. If the crack has existed for a long time and is large, surgical operation may be required. In the operation, the abscess can be drained and the path of the abscess can be closed by suturing the fistula channel. Biological adhesive, stopper and medical clips can be used to close the breech. Fistulas can be burned with laser energy. In addition, the abscess can be burned with radio waves by entering the fistula channel through a fistuloscopy, that is, a camera. The post-treatment process is very important and requires routine doctor checks. After the examination, our general surgeon will diagnose the disease with appropriate diagnostic methods and, if necessary, contact our infectious diseases specialist to plan the treatment and help you.